2012/07/16 by J. Tõke, Tõke, J., W. U. Schröder +1
Physics and Astronomy · #Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics #FOS: Physical sciences #Nuclear Theory (nucl-th) #Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics #Statistical Mechanics and Entropy #nucl-th
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1207.3828
17 pages, 4 figures
arxiv created 2012/07/16 · openalex publication_date 2012/07/16 · arxiv updated 2012/07/18 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
The evolution of the nuclear matter density distribution with excitation energy is studied within the framework of a finite-range interacting Fermi gas model and microcanonical thermodynamics in Thomas-Fermi approximation. It is found that with increasing excitation energy, both infinite and finite systems become unstable against infinitesimal matter density fluctuations, albeit in different ways. In modeling, this instability reveals itself via an apparent negative heat capacity of the system and is seen to result in the volume boiling in the case of infinite matter and surface boiling in the case of finite systems. The latter phenomenon of surface boiling is unique to small systems and it appears to provide a natural explanation for the observed saturation-like patterns in what is commonly termed caloric curves and what represents functional dependence of nuclear temperature on the excitation energy.