2026/07/23 by Souvik Paul, Gopinath Guin, Sunandan Gangopadhyay
#hep-th
In this article, we have calculated the time-dependent thermal one-point function of massive operators within an expanding universe. We employ the Randall-Sundrum II braneworld model combined with a p-brane gas in the bulk, enabling us to represent various matter-dominated cosmological scenarios localised on the brane. Applying the geodesic formula introduced by Grinberg and Maldacena in \citeGrinberg:2020fdj, we have calculated the thermal one-point functions of massive operators within the universe. The time-dependent one-point functions for different matter-dominated universes, both single-component and multi-component, are derived from the brane's evolving radial position. The time-dependent positions of the branes have been obtained using the second Israel junction condition. Additionally, we have analyzed the early and late-time behaviors of the thermal one-point function across various matter-dominated universes.