2021/04/29 by Damien Beillouin, Claire Perrot, Beillouin, Damien +8
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · #Bioenergy crop production and management #Calibrage #Cereals #Conduite culturale #Crop Yield and Soil Fertility #Crop sequence #Environmental impact #Fertilisation azotée #Idéotype #Leaching #Nitrate #Oilseed rape #Pea #Soil mineral nitrogen #Sélection variétale #Teneur en protéines #Wheat
paper · doi:10.15454/f4gk-gx62
openalex publication_date 2021/04/29 · openalex created_date 2021/06/22 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/15
France is one of Europe's leading producers of malting barley and the world's leading exporter of malt. The inputs used on this crop contribute to greenhouse gas emissions from the agricultural sector and can indirectly lead to negative effects on consumer health. Currently, the production of malting barley withreduced use of chemical inputs is limited by the lack of suitable varieties and technical management practices to maintain production volumes and quality. The cost and time required to carry out grain quality analyses (micromalting) make the identification of varieties adapted to non-conventional technical itineraries difficult. The objectives of the work carried out in the CasDAR Eco2Malt project were to design and evaluate varietal ideotypes and technical management practices adapted to low-input malting barley production, and to propose rapid methods for estimating the malting quality of 6-row winter barley in order to speed up varietal selection. Through experimentation, we showed that current varieties grown in management with reduced nitrogen inputs (-30% - inputs at the usual dates) and without pesticides do not systematically achieve the protein content and calibrated yield required for malting barley. Through simulation, we showed that it is essential to delay fertilizer application when the doses are reduced to achieve high agronomic performance. We have also identified the varietal characteristics adapted to this technical management practices. Adapting both the genotypes and the nitrogen fertilisation strategy ensures the low-input technical management to achieve agronomic performance similar to that of nitrogen-intensive management, and to improve environmental performance. Some of the best performing ideotypes at low input levels also achieve high performance at high input levels. In order to limit these costs of analysing the brewing potential of varieties during selection, a selection index has been developed and evaluated, making it possible to prioritise the characteristics of grains and/or wort to achieve brewing quality. The interest of models predicting the brewing potential of a line based on rapid grain analyses was tested. These results are intended to enable more lines to be characterised rapidly and thus facilitate the development of lines adapted to different contexts, including low inputs management practices.