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Functional vs. Object-Oriented: Comparing How Programming Paradigms Affect the Architectural Characteristics of Systems

2025/08/01 by Briza Mel Dias de Sousa, de Sousa, Briza Mel Dias, Renato Cordeiro Ferreira +3
Computer Science · #Advanced Software Engineering Methodologies #D.2.11 #D.2.13 #D.3.2 #FOS: Computer and information sciences #Programming Languages (cs.PL) #Software Engineering (cs.SE) #Software Engineering Research #Software Engineering Techniques and Practices

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2508.00244

openalex publication_date 2025/08/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/02

Abstract

This study compares the impact of adopting object-oriented programming (OOP) or functional programming (FP) on the architectural characteristics of software systems. For that, it examines the design and implementation of a Digital Wallet system developed in Kotlin (for OOP) and Scala (for FP). The comparison is made through a mixed-method approach. The self-ethnographic qualitative analysis provides a side-by-side comparison of both implementations, revealing the perspective of those writing such code. The survey-based quantitative analysis gathers feedback from developers with diverse backgrounds, showing their impressions of those reading this code. Hopefully, these results may be useful for developers seeking to decide which paradigm is best suited for their next project.

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