Hamiltonian quantum gates -- energetic advantage from entangleability

2025/07/02 by Stevens, Josey, Deffner, Sebastian · 1 citation
#FOS: Physical sciences #Quantum Physics (quant-ph)

paper · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2507.01758

Abstract

Hamiltonian quantum gates controlled by classical electromagnetic fields form the basis of any realistic model of quantum computers. In this letter, we derive a lower bound on the field energy required to implement such gates and relate this energy to the expected gate error. We study the entangleability (ability to entangle qubits) of Hamiltonians and highlight how this feature of quantum gates can provide a means for more energetically efficient computation. Ultimately, we show that a universal quantum computer can be realized with vanishingly low energetic requirements but at the expense of arbitrarily large complexity.

Citations

• Erasure cost of a quantum process: A thermodynamic meaning of the dynamical min-entropy
• Landauer Principle and Thermodynamics of Computation
• Realizability of Heat Released in Nondeterministic Processes Derived from a Fluctuation Theorem
• Energy-Consumption Advantage of Quantum Computation
• Estimating the Energy Requirements to Operate a Cryptanalytically Relevant Quantum Computer
• Direct digital synthesis of microwave waveforms for quantum computing
• Quantum entanglement
• A Simple Proof that Toffoli and Hadamard are Quantum Universal
• Fault-Tolerant Quantum Computation With Constant Error Rate
• Algorithmic randomness and physical entropy
• Stability of quantum motion in chaotic and regular systems

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• Quantification of the energy consumption of entanglement distribution

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