2020/10/08 by Carolina Bertuzzi Pereira, Carolina B. Pereira, Todd J. Ward +11
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · #Mycotoxins in Agriculture and Food #Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics #Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
paper · doi:10.1111/ppa.13289
openalex publication_date 2020/10/08 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/27
Abstract We conducted a five‐year survey (2011–2015) of barley and wheat fields in Paraná state, Brazil, obtaining 754 Fusarium isolates from spikes with fusarium head blight (FHB)‐symptoms. Multilocus genotyping and TEF‐1 α gene sequence analyses confirmed the dominance of the F . graminearum species complex (FGSC, 75.7%), but F . poae (11.5%), as well as F . avenaceum and related members of the F . tricinctum species complex (FTSC, 8.1%) appeared as substantial contributors to FHB. Within the FGSC, F . graminearum of the 15‐ADON genotype was dominant (63%), followed by F . meridionale of the NIV genotype (23.1%), F . cortaderiae of the NIV (7%) or 3‐ADON (2.6%) genotypes, and F . austroamericanum (3.8%) of the 3‐ADON genotype. Substantial variation in pathogen composition was observed across years, with F . poae and F . meridionale frequencies significantly elevated in some years. Most F . poae strains produced DAS, diANIV, and butenolide, but not neosolaniol, T‐2, or HT‐2. All FTSC species produced moniliformin. Enniatin production was widespread among FTSC species, with the single F . acuminatum strain found to be the strongest producer of enniatins. Our findings confirm FGSC as a major contributor to FHB and expand considerably our knowledge of the presence, frequency, and conditions under which other pathogens may emerge, altering the spectrum of toxins that may accumulate in grain.