2025/10/12 by Tomáš Grabec, Grabec, Tomáš, Pavla Stoklasová +13 · 1 citation
Physics and Astronomy · #cond-mat.mtrl-sci
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2510.10696
Ultrasonic wave propagation across material surfaces reveals essential information about the materials' elastic behavior. The elastodynamic response of the surface is characterized by the Green's function that fully captures all its direction-dependent and frequency-dependent features. Here we present the first direct experimental visualization of the frequency-domain angular-resolved Green's function, including all its complex details resulting from elastic anisotropy. We achieve this visualization using transient grating spectroscopy (TGS), which is a method otherwise well established for measuring Rayleigh-type surface acoustic waves (SAWs). But here we focus on early-time thermoacoustic phenomena in the TGS experiment, revealing that, along with the transient standing-wave patterns of SAWs, there also emerge oscillations with at least an order of magnitude shorter lifetimes. These oscillations superpose into dynamic displacement patterns that are transient with respect to the classical transient timescales in TGS; the optical diffraction signal from these 'ultra-transient' gratings enables capturing the surface acoustic response with exceptional detail, and the resulting experimental angular dispersion maps strikingly replicate the theoretical frequency-domain Green's functions. By utilizing this feature, ultra-transient grating spectroscopy (UTGS) becomes a powerful tool for detailed contactless characterization of anisotropic solids, opening new pathways for studying single-crystalline or nanostructured materials.