The occurrence of singularities in cosmology. II

1966/12/20 by S. W. Hawking, Stephen William Hawking · 5 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Relativity and Gravitational Theory

paper · doi:10.1098/rspa.1966.0255

openalex publication_date 1966/12/20 · openalex created_date 2022/05/12 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/27

Abstract

Abstract It is shown that if the universe has a compact Cauchy surface on which the density is non-zero and if the energy-momentum tensor satisfies a physically reasonable inequality, then singularities of space-time are inevitable.

Cited by

• Accelerating FJNW Metric
• Curious QNEIs from QNEC: New Bounds on Null Energy in Quantum Field Theory
• Open case for a closed universe
• Topological Big Bangs: Reflection, Itty-Bitty Blenders, and Eternal Trumpets
• A Primer on Energy Conditions
• The space-time structure of an untouchable naked singularity in superstrings theory

Related

• The occurrence of singularities in cosmology
• The occurrence of singularities in cosmology. ɪɪɪ. Causality and singularities
• Cosmological Singularities
• The singularities of gravitational collapse and cosmology
• Future Singularities and Completeness in Cosmology