The evolutionary stage of Betelgeuse inferred from its pulsation periods

2023/06/01 by Hideyuki Saio, Saio, Hideyuki, Devesh Nandal +6 · 9 voices · 4 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae #Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies #Astronomy and Astrophysical Research

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2306.00287

Abstract

Betelgeuse is a well known bright red supergiant that shows semi-regular variations with four approximate periods of 2200, 420, 230, and 185 days. While the longest period was customarily regarded as LSP (long secondary period) of unknown origin, we identify the ~2200-d period as the radial fundamental mode, and the three shorter periods as the radial first, second, and third overtones. From a linear nonadiabatic pulsation analysis including the pulsation/convection coupling, we have found that these radial pulsation modes are all excited in the envelope of a model in a late stage of the core-carbon burning. Models with similar pulsation property have masses of 11~12 M_\odot (19M_\odot at ZAMS) with luminosities (log L/L_\odot =5.27~5.28) and effective temperatures (log T_eff≈ 3.53) that are consistent with the range of the observational determinations. We also find that a synthetic light curve obtained by adding the fundamental and the first-overtone mode is comparable with the light curve of Betelgeuse up to the Great Dimming. We conclude that Betelgeuse is likely in the late stage of core carbon burning, and a good candidate for the next Galactic Type II supernova.

Cited by

• Impacts of axion cooling on the direct detection of supernova axions
• Betelgeuse, the Prototypical Red Supergiant
• Inhomogeneous stellar mixing in the final hours before the Cassiopeia A supernova
• Giants, Supergiants and Hypergiants

Discussions

• The evolutionary stage of Betelgeuse inferred from its pulsation periods [hn, 19 points, 8 comments]
• Paper on the arxiv claiming that Betelgeuse could plausibly blow up any decade now https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.00287 [bsky, 13 points, 2 comments]
• Bei ungewöhnlichen wissenschaftlichen Behauptungen ist natürlich immer Vorsicht geboten, insbesondere bei denen die besonders cool sind, aber es gibt tatsächlich ein jüngeres Paper, das Beteigeuze inn [bsky, 2 points, 1 comments]
• Here we go… my first skeet is at most decades away! https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.00287 [bsky, 2 points, 0 comments]
• Ik vestig mijn hoop op een controversiële studie, als pre-print op arXiv. Binnen tientallen jaren. arxiv.org/pdf/2306.002... [bsky, 2 points, 1 comments]
• The evolutionary stage of Betelgeuse inferred from its pulsation periods [hn, 1 points, 1 comments]
• Bien sur. arxiv.org/pdf/2306.002... [bsky, 0 points, 1 comments]
• 3/3 Hideyuki Saio & team published an article about Betelgeuse cycles that predicts that Betelgeuse might go through, it's a great read! (image below has additional info at the bottom) arxiv.org/pd [bsky, 0 points, 1 comments]
• So I mentioned this on the caged bird site but the new betelgeuse paper is interesting, but I do not think the spectral patterns really support unwilling of cno products and thus don't really agree th [bsky, 0 points, 0 comments]

Related

• Left Ringing: Betelgeuse Illuminates the Connection Between Convective outbursts, Mode switching, and Mass Ejection in Red Supergiants
• Standing on the Shoulders of Giants: New Mass and Distance Estimates for Betelgeuse through Combined Evolutionary, Asteroseismic, and Hydrodynamic Simulations with MESA
• Betelgeuse, the Prototypical Red Supergiant
• Radial Velocity and Astrometric Evidence for a Close Companion to Betelgeuse
• The curious case of Betelgeuse