How to Do a Systematic Review: A Best Practice Guide for Conducting and Reporting Narrative Reviews, Meta-Analyses, and Meta-Syntheses
2018/08/08 by Andy P. Siddaway, Alex M. Wood, Larry V. Hedges · 2,487 citations
Decision Sciences · Medicine · Psychology · #Behavioral Health and Interventions #Best practice #Computer science #Engineering ethics #Epistemology #MEDLINE #Management science #Medicine #Meta-analysis #Meta-analysis and systematic reviews #Narrative #Political science #Presentation (obstetrics) #Psychology #Subject (documents) #Systematic review #Traumatic Brain Injury Research
paper · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010418-102803
published in Annual Review of Psychology 70(1), 747-770 (Annual Reviews)
openalex publication_date 2018/08/08 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/06
Abstract
Systematic reviews are characterized by a methodical and replicable methodology and presentation. They involve a comprehensive search to locate all relevant published and unpublished work on a subject; a systematic integration of search results; and a critique of the extent, nature, and quality of evidence in relation to a particular research question. The best reviews synthesize studies to draw broad theoretical conclusions about what a literature means, linking theory to evidence and evidence to theory. This guide describes how to plan, conduct, organize, and present a systematic review of quantitative (meta-analysis) or qualitative (narrative review, meta-synthesis) information. We outline core standards and principles and describe commonly encountered problems. Although this guide targets psychological scientists, its high level of abstraction makes it potentially relevant to any subject area or discipline. We argue that systematic reviews are a key methodology for clarifying whether and how research findings replicate and for explaining possible inconsistencies, and we call for researchers to conduct systematic reviews to help elucidate whether there is a replication crisis.
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