2025/09/05 by Kumano, Shunzo, Kuroki, Kenshi
#FOS: Physical sciences #High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex) #High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat) #High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) #Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex) #Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
paper · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2509.05046
Tensor-polarized twist-3 parton distribution functions (PDFs) fLT(x) are calculated for the spin-1 deuteron by using twist-2 relations, which are similar to the Wandzura-Wilczek relation and the Burkhardt-Cottingham sum rule in the spin-1/2 nucleon, together with tensor-polarized twist-2 PDFs f1LL(x). The PDFs are shown for fLT(x) at Q2 =2.5 GeV2, where the tensor-polarized PDFs f1LL(x) are provided. The x-dependence of fLT(x) is similar to f1LL(x), and the magnitude of fLT(x) is roughly of the order of f1LL(x). In experiments at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab), higher-twist effects could be sizable because Q2 values are not very large in comparison with the hadronic scale of 1 GeV2. Therefore, the JLab experiments could provide a good opportunity to investigate the twist-3 distributions fLT(x) in addition to the twist-2 ones f1LL(x). Furthermore, these tensor-polarized PDFs could be investigated at future Electron-Ion Colliders (EICs) and hadron accelerator facilities such as the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA), and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).